In today’s Internet-based & Social media-centric world, the online space occupies an increasing proportion in people’s daily life. The new technology allows people to express ideas creatively; however, it is still not guaranteed that people behave appropriately online. It is a complex process incorporating political, historical and hierarchical concerns. Social media platforms advocate users to free speech; however, with the human-designed algorithms and the interest-led operators, there is little chance to prohibit hate speech, online abuse, and discrimination based on pre-existing ideology and social norms. Thus, those behaviours inciting hatred or violence targeted at individuals or groups constitute online harm. 